Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer. It occurs due to the abnormal growth of skin cells, often caused by ultraviolet (UV) exposure. While early detection is key to managing the condition effectively, a variety of treatment options are available depending on the type, size, and stage of the cancer. It can be helpful to explore common treatments used to address skin cancer and learn ways to reduce your risk of developing it.
Surgical Excision
Surgeons widely use surgical excision to remove skin cancer. In this procedure, they cut out the cancerous tissue and a margin of healthy skin to eliminate all cancer cells. Doctors often recommend this method for basal and squamous cell carcinoma, especially in visible and localized areas.
In some cases, Mohs surgery offers another option. With this precise technique, surgeons remove thin layers of cancerous tissue and analyze them one at a time until no cancer cells remain, minimizing damage to healthy tissue. Labs typically examine the tissues from either procedure to confirm the complete removal of cancerous cells. Both techniques effectively treat early-stage cancers and are often performed in outpatient settings. Healing times depend on the size and depth of the excision.
Cryotherapy
Cryotherapy freezes cancerous or precancerous lesions with liquid nitrogen. This treatment exposes abnormal cells to extremely cold temperatures, destroying them and causing the tissue to die and fall off. Doctors typically use cryotherapy for small, superficial skin cancers or actinic keratosis, a precancerous condition. This quick and minimally invasive option works best for early-stage or surface-level lesions but may not suit more extensive or deeper cancers.
Topical Medications
Topical medications, such as creams or lotions containing cancer-fighting agents, are often prescribed for surface-level skin cancers or precancerous conditions. These medications target cancerous cells and stimulate an immune response to eliminate the abnormal tissue. This method is highly convenient because it can be applied at home. It is typically used for specific cases where the cancer affects a small area and is not severe.
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy uses focused high-energy rays to kill cancer cells. This non-invasive treatment is beneficial for cancers in areas where surgery may be difficult, such as near the eyes, ears, or nose. It may also be thought of for patients who cannot undergo surgical procedures for health reasons. While effective, radiation therapy may require multiple sessions and could lead to side effects. Some side effects could include changes in skin texture or pigmentation. Your doctor will determine if this approach is suitable depending on the specific characteristics of your cancer.
Choosing the Right Skin Cancer Treatment
The choice of treatment for skin cancer depends on factors such as the type and stage of the cancer, the location of the lesion, and your overall health. A dermatologist or oncologist can recommend the most appropriate option after a thorough evaluation. For the best outcomes, it can be helpful to promptly address any suspicious skin changes and consult a qualified healthcare professional. Contact your dermatologist or oncologist today to learn more about treatments and available options.
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